There are three primary varieties of filters, which include cartridge, diatomaceous earth (also known as DE), and sand.
Filters made of diatomaceous earth (DE)
This filter is made up of a tank that has a number of grids that are covered in fabric and are referred to as filter elements. In terms of pool equipment, your filter is one of the most important. The fabric has a layer of diatomaceous earth, sometimes known as DE, which is a material medium used for filtering.
DE refers to the fine, white powder that may be found in significant quantities in the ground. They function similarly to filters in that they let water pass through while retaining the pollutants that it encounters. They have the ability to remove particles of a small size.
It is essential to match the dimensions of a filter to the circulation system of a swimming pool or spa. The filter media’s total surface area, divided by the number of girds, yields this measurement. A typical filter will have eight girds that add up to a total of between 24 and 72 square feet.
Tanks with a diameter of around 2 feet and a height of between 2 and 5 feet are used to store the girds. If the filter girds were not there, the DE would become a caked mass when it became wet, which would prevent water from passing through it.
DE filters may be broken down into two primary categories: the vertical grid type and the spin type.
Vertical Grid Filters
In this particular kind of filter, the grids are stacked in a vertical fashion on a manifold. The grids on the manifold are held in place by a holding wheel, and the system itself is secured by retaining rods that screw into the tank’s base. The water fills the tank from the bottom and then travels upward and all the way around the grids on the tank’s outside. After entering the hollow manifold and flowing down each grid’s stem, it exits the filter.
Spin Filters
Although it is now considered antiquated, the spin filter (https://dictionary.reverso.net/english-definition/spin+filter) may still be found on some of the older pool filtration systems. The girds have the appearance of wheels and are arranged in a row horizontally, much like donuts in a box. They function in a way that is similar to that of the vertical grid filter; however, in order to clean them, a crank must be spun in order to cause the grids to spin. The grids are not going to become extremely clean with this method, despite the fact that it is meant to work.
Sand Filters
Sand filters typically have a diameter of between two and four feet and resemble huge balls. Older types often are contained in metal tanks. In order to remove pollutants, sand is used in the filter. Water enters the filter via a backwash valve and splashes over the sand. The grains’ pointed edgings are what collect the dirt and debris.
The water is forced to go via the filter’s laterals and bottom manifold, where it is subsequently rerouted away from the device. The laterals are the separate drains that are contained inside the drain manifold. At the event that it becomes required, there is a drain pipe situated in the base of the tank that may be used to empty out the water.
Cartridge Filters
The operation of a cartridge filter is similar to that of a DE filter, with the exception that there is no DE involved in the cartridge filter’s action. The tank that contains one or more cylindrical cartridges made of fine, pleated mesh material receives water, and this water flows into the tank.
Impure substances are prevented from passing through the fabric’s dense weave. When it is time to clean the cartridges, rather than using the backwashing procedure that is used by DE and sand filters, the cartridges are simply removed and rinsed.
Makes and Models
The key to having water that is healthy, clean, and glistening in a pool or spa is to invest in a filtration system of high quality. After the pump, the filter is the next piece of equipment in the equipment sequence; thus, whether you are repairing an old filter or putting a filter on a freshly constructed pool, you will need to match the filter to the pump and the size of the pool.
Calculating the volume and capacity of a pool is the first step in selecting the appropriate size and kind of filter for a swimming pool or spa. Click here for the formula to calculate liquid volume. The next step is to determine the flow rate of both the pool/spa and the filter. After you have completed all of those steps and thought about the other elements involved, you will be in a position to choose the appropriate filter for the system that is under consideration.
Methods of Sizing and Choosing Candidates
In order to be in compliance with the Health Codes, filtration systems need to have certain turnover rates and filtering capacities measured in gallons per square foot of filter area. In order to do this, certain criteria are going to be computed.